Skip to Main Content

History of Horror: Werewolves, etc.

A cultural history.

Shapeshifters

Both the Physical Transformation of Humans into other creatures and the Werewolf Sub-genres have ancient roots that go back to the Mesopotamians and the Greeks. Often the modern stories of transformation are based on a scientific experiment gone wrong such as The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde and The Fly. In the case of Kafka's The Metamorphosis, the reader is never given a reason for the Grego Samsa's transformation into a cockroach. Like the Vampire, popular media, such as An American Werewolf in London and the Harry Potter series have transformed the werewolf from a vicious creature to a sympathetic being under a curse for which there is no release, except death.

 

Physical Transformations

  • 2nd century. The Metamorphoses of Apuleius (The Golden Ass) by Lucius Apuleius includes transformation, witchcraft & more.
  • 1886. Novella: The Strange Case of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson.
  • 1891. Novel: Portrait of Dorian Gray by Oscar Wilde.
  • 1897. Novel: The Invisible Man by H. G. Wells.
  • 1915. Novella: The Metamorphosis by Franz Kafka
  • 1931.Film: Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde (with Frederic March, first talking film of the story.
  • 1932. Film: Freaks.
  • 1936. Story: "The Shadow Over Innsmouth".
  • 1942. Film: Cat People.
  • 1957. Film: The Incredible Shrinking Man.
  • 1958. Film: The Attack of the 50 Foot Woman.
  • 1958. Film: The Fly.
  • 1967. Story: "I Have No Mouth and I Must Scream" By Harlan Ellison.
  • 1981. Film: The Hand.
  • 1984/85. Story: "Jacqueline Ess: Her Will And Testament" by Clive Barker.
  • 1989. Novel: Geek Love by Katherine Dunn.
  • 1989. Film: Edge of Sanity.
  • 2008. Film: The Incredible Hulk (2008): (An updated adaptation of Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde).
  • 2020. Film: Invisible Man.

Werewolves

  • 1838. Novel: Hugues the Were-wolf by Sutherland Menzies.
  • 1847. Novel: Wagner the Werewolf by G. W. M. Reynolds.
  • 1865. Book: The Book of Werewolves by Sabine Baring-Gould
  • 1890. Story. "The Mark of the Beast" by Rudyard Kipling.
  • 1896. Novel: The Were-wolf by Clemence Housman.
  • 1933. Novel: The Werewolf of Paris.
  • 1935. Film: Werewolf of London.
  • 1944. Novel: Darker Than You Think by Jack Williamson.
  • 1957. Film: I Was a Teenage Werewolf.
  • 1961. Film: The Curse of the Werewolf
  • 1977. Novel: The Howling by Gary Brandner.
  • 1978. Novel: The Wolfen by Whitley Strieber.
  • 1979. Story: "The Werewolf,"  by Angela Carter.
  • 1981. Film: The Howling.
  • 1982. Film: The Beast Within.
  • 1994. Film: Wolf.
  • 2000. Film: Ginger Snaps.
  • 2004. Film: Harry Potter and the Prisoner of Azkaban.
  • 2003. Film: Underworld.
  • 2009. Film: Twilight Saga: New Moon.

Additional References

Cardin, M. (2017). Horror literature through history an encyclopedia of the stories that speak to our deepest fears (Kindle) Greenwood.
Jones, D. (2021). Horror a very short introduction. Oxford University Press.
King, S. (2010). Danse macabre. Gallery. 
Landis, J. (2016). Monsters in the movies: 100 Years of Cinematic nightmares. DK. 
Luckhurst, R. (2018). The Astounding Illustrated History of Fantasy & Horror. Flame Tree Publishing. 
Skal, D. J. (2020). Fright favourites: 31 movies to haunt your Halloween and beyond. Running Press. 
Turitz, N. and Zimmerman, B. (2020). Horror: An illustrated history of vampires, zombies, monsters & more. Centennial Books, an imprint of Centennial Media, LLC.